Dr. Bao obtained B.S. and M.S. degrees in physics from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China in 1992 and 1995 respectively. From 1996 to 1999, he was a physics graduate student at Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan. In May 1999, he became a graduate student in the applied physics program at the University of Michigan under supervision of Prof. Roberto Merlin, and obtained a Ph.D. in 2003.He was a post-doctoral fellow, and later a research associate, in the group of Prof. Federico Capasso at Harvard University from 2003 to 2008.