AGENDA Current Events Project Organization CURRENT EVENTS Volunteers PROJECT ORGANIZATION Project as part of the functional organization… Pure Project organization… Matrix organization… Mixed organizational systems… PROJECT AS PART OF THE FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION Use of a functional department as the home for the project group Functional home has most Interest in ensuring success Helpful in implementing Examples? FUNCTIONAL HOME FOR PROJECTS PROJECT AS PART OF THE FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION Advantages… Disadvantages… ADVANTAGES OF FUNCTIONAL HOME Flexibility between projects and functional work Individuals can work on many different projects Larger base of knowledge and expertise Normal career path advancement for project participants DISADVANTAGES OF FUNCTIONAL HOME Project is not the focus Reduced systems view Weak unity of command Team members not as motivated to work on projects PURE PROJECT ORGANIZATION Project group is self contained, has dedicated Administration Technical staff Examples? PURE PROJECT ORGANIZAATION PURE PROJECT Advantages… Disadvantages… ADVANTAGES OF PURE PROJECT ORGANIZATION Complete focus on the project Unity of command Less bureaucracy Increased commitment DISADVANTAGES OF PURE PROJECT ORGANIZATION Can result in major duplication of resources Resources may be stockpiled Insulation from the rest of the organization Life after the project ends MATRIX ORGANIZATION Attempt to incorporate all the advantages of and none of the disadvantages of: Functional organizations Project organizations Can actually resemble: Either Extreme Something in between Allow integration of multiple functional specialties Time share expertise on different projects Simultaneous engineering Examples? MATRIX ORGANIZATION ADVANTAGES OF MATRIX ORGANIZATION Emphasis on the project Access to multiple functional divisions Organizational consistency Better balance of resources Less project termination anxiety DISADVANTAGES OF MATRIX ORGANIZATION Delicate balance of power between functional and project managers Scheduling resources more difficult Violates unity of command principle? MIXED ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS Both functional and pure project structures exist in the organization Large projects become an independent operation Projects may spin off into separate companies Examples? MIXED ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS MIXED ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS Advantages… Disadvantages… ADVANTAGES OF MIXED ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS Flexible Useful for short run projects that do not justify matrix organizational restructuring DISADVANTAGES OF MIXED ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS Some duplication of effort is possible Some project/functional manager conflict is possible